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4 Channel
Channel 4 is a public-service British television station, broadcast to all areas of the United Kingdom (and also the Republic of Ireland), which began transmissions in 1982. more...
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Though entirely commercially self-funded, it is ultimately publicly owned: Originally a subsidiary of the Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA), the station is now owned and operated by the Channel Four Television Corporation, a public body established in 1990 for this purpose and which came into operation in 1993, following the abolition of the IBA.
The station was established to provide a fourth television service to the UK that would break the duopoly of the BBC's two established television services and the single commercial broadcasting network, ITV, then the only services broadcast there. Though having seen new competition through the subsequent availability and growth of cable, satellite and digital terrestrial stations, Channel 4 still enjoys almost universal coverage, and a significant audience share.
Channel 4 was established with, and continues to hold, a remit of public service obligations which it must fulfil. The remit changes periodically, as dictated by various broadcasting and communications acts, and is regulated by the various authorities Channel 4 has been answerable to; originally the IBA, then the ITC and now Ofcom.
The preamble of the remit as per the Communications Act 2003 states that:
"The public service remit for Channel 4 is the provision of a broad range of high quality and diverse programming which, in particular:
demonstrates innovation, experiment and creativity in the form and content of programmes;;
appeals to the tastes and interests of a culturally diverse society;;
makes a significant contribution to meeting the need for the licensed public service channels to include programmes of an educational nature and other programmes of educative value; and;
exhibits a distinctive character.";
The remit also involves an obligation to provide Schools Programming, and a substantial amount of programming produced outside of Greater London,
Initially Channel 4 was not intentionally broadcast to Wales. Prior to its establishment, a significant demand for a dedicated Welsh language service for Wales lead to the creation of S4C, that is Sianel Pedwar Cymru or Channel 4 Wales, which carried Welsh spoken programmes as well as some programmes as also broadcast on Channel 4. Limited frequency space meant that Channel 4 proper could not be broadcast alongside S4C, though carriage on digital cable, satellite and digital terrestrial television means that the station is now available to over 70% of Welsh viewers. Following the completion of switchover to digital broadcasting in Wales in 2009, Channel 4 should become available to all Welsh TV viewers, alongside S4C. Consequently S4C does not carry Channel 4 programming on the digital variant of its channel, resulting in S4C Digidol broadcasting for fewer hours than its analogue counterpart.
Read more at Wikipedia.org
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